LAX doesn’t really have a good solution for this, unfortunately.
There’s no official left luggage or baggage storage inside the terminals. There are third party services near LAX where you can store bags, but they’re off airport and require a short Uber ride, which eats into both time and budget.
As for lounges, Admirals Club access requires you to already be airside. You can’t use a day pass landside before security. Also worth noting that AA has been restricting day pass access during busy periods, so it’s not always guaranteed even airside.
With bags, your realistic options are:
Stay airside and use a lounge if you have access
Store bags off airport and go explore nearby
Kill time in the terminal with food, walking, and maybe a lounge hop
If budget is key and you don’t want to drag bags around or leave the airport, staying airside is the least stressful option. LAX isn’t great for long layovers, but once you commit to staying inside, it’s manageable.